PHP Manual: Split string by a regular expression

Description

array preg_split ( string $pattern , string $subject [, int $limit = -1 [, int $flags = 0 ]] )

Split the given string by a regular expression.

Parameters

pattern

The pattern to search for, as a string.

subject

The input string.

limit

If specified, then only substrings up to limit are returned with the rest of the string being placed in the last substring. A limit of -1, 0 or NULL means "no limit" and, as is standard across PHP, you can use NULL to skip to the flags parameter.

flags

flags can be any combination of the following flags (combined with the | bitwise operator):

PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY: If this flag is set, only non-empty pieces will be returned by preg_split.
PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE: If this flag is set, parenthesized expression in the delimiter pattern will be captured and returned as well.
PREG_SPLIT_OFFSET_CAPTURE: If this flag is set, for every occurring match the appendant string offset will also be returned. Note that this changes the return value in an array where every element is an array consisting of the matched string at offset 0 and its string offset into subject at offset 1.

Return Values

Returns an array containing substrings of subject split along boundaries matched by pattern.

Changelog

Version	Description
4.3.0	The `PREG_SPLIT_OFFSET_CAPTURE` was added
4.0.5	The `PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE` was added

Examples

Example #1 preg_split example : Get the parts of a search string


<?php
// split the phrase by any number of commas or space characters,
// which include " ", \r, \t, \n and \f
$keywords = preg_split("/[\s,]+/", "hypertext language, programming");
print_r($keywords);
?>

The above example will output:

Array
(
    [0] => hypertext
    [1] => language
    [2] => programming
)

Example #2 Splitting a string into component characters


<?php
$str = 'string';
$chars = preg_split('//', $str, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
print_r($chars);
?>

The above example will output:

Array
(
    [0] => s
    [1] => t
    [2] => r
    [3] => i
    [4] => n
    [5] => g
)

Example #3 Splitting a string into matches and their offsets


<?php
$str = 'hypertext language programming';
$chars = preg_split('/ /', $str, -1, PREG_SPLIT_OFFSET_CAPTURE);
print_r($chars);
?>

The above example will output:

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [0] => hypertext
            [1] => 0
        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [0] => language
            [1] => 10
        )

    [2] => Array
        (
            [0] => programming
            [1] => 19
        )

)

Notes

Tip

If you don't need the power of regular expressions, you can choose faster (albeit simpler) alternatives like explode or str_split.

Tip

If matching fails, an array with a single element containing the input string will be returned.

preg_split

Description

Parameters

Return Values

Changelog

Examples

Notes

See Also