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oci_execute
Executes a statement
Description
bool oci_execute
( resource $statement
[, int $mode = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS
] )
After execution, statements like INSERT will
have data committed to the database by default. For statements
like SELECT, execution performs the logic of the
query. Query results can subsequently be fetched in PHP with
functions like oci_fetch_array.
Each parsed statement may be executed multiple times, saving the
cost of re-parsing. This is commonly used
for INSERT statements when data is bound
with oci_bind_by_name.
Parameters
-
statement
-
A valid OCI statement identifier.
-
mode
-
An optional second parameter can be one of the following constants:
Execution Modes
| Constant |
Description |
OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS |
Automatically commit all outstanding changes for
this connection when the statement has succeeded. This
is the default. |
OCI_DESCRIBE_ONLY |
Make query meta data available to functions
like oci_field_name but do not
create a result set. Any subsequent fetch call such
as oci_fetch_array will
fail. |
OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT |
Do not automatically commit changes. Prior to PHP
5.3.2 (PECL OCI8 1.4)
use OCI_DEFAULT which is equivalent
to OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT. |
Using OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT mode starts or continues a
transaction. Transactions are automatically rolled back when
the connection is closed, or when the script ends. Explicitly
call oci_commit to commit a transaction,
or oci_rollback to abort it.
When inserting or updating data, using transactions is
recommended for relational data consistency and for performance
reasons.
If OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT mode is used for any
statement including queries, and
oci_commit
or oci_rollback is not subsequently
called, then OCI8 will perform a rollback at the end of the
script even if no data was changed. To avoid an unnecessary
rollback, many scripts do not
use OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT mode for queries or
PL/SQL. Be careful to ensure the appropriate transactional
consistency for the application when
using oci_execute with different modes in
the same script.
Return Values
Returns TRUE on success or FALSE on failure.
Examples
Example #1 oci_execute for queries
<?php
$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT * FROM employees');
oci_execute($stid);
echo "<table border='1'>\n";
while ($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) {
echo "<tr>\n";
foreach ($row as $item) {
echo " <td>" . ($item !== null ? htmlentities($item, ENT_QUOTES) : " ") . "</td>\n";
}
echo "</tr>\n";
}
echo "</table>\n";
?>
Example #2 oci_execute without specifying a mode example
<?php
// Before running, create the table:
// CREATE TABLE MYTABLE (col1 NUMBER);
$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'INSERT INTO mytab (col1) VALUES (123)');
oci_execute($stid); // The row is committed and immediately visible to other users
?>
Example #3 oci_execute with OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT example
<?php
// Before running, create the table:
// CREATE TABLE MYTABLE (col1 NUMBER);
$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'INSERT INTO mytab (col1) VALUES (:bv)');
oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':bv', $i, 10);
for ($i = 1; $i <= 5; ++$i) {
oci_execute($stid, OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT); // use OCI_DEFAULT for PHP <= 5.3.1
}
oci_commit($conn); // commits all new values: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
?>
Example #4 oci_execute with different commit modes example
<?php
// Before running, create the table:
// CREATE TABLE MYTABLE (col1 NUMBER);
$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'INSERT INTO mytab (col1) VALUES (123)');
oci_execute($stid, OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT); // data not committed
$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'INSERT INTO mytab (col1) VALUES (456)');
oci_execute($stid); // commits both 123 and 456 values
?>
Example #5 oci_execute with
OCI_DESCRIBE_ONLY example
<?php
$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT * FROM locations');
oci_execute($s, OCI_DESCRIBE_ONLY);
for ($i = 1; $i <= oci_num_fields($stid); ++$i) {
echo oci_field_name($stid, $i) . "<br>\n";
}
?>
Notes
Note:
Transactions are automatically rolled back when connections are
closed, or when the script ends, whichever is soonest. Explicitly
call oci_commit to commit a transaction.
Any call to oci_execute that uses
OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS mode explicitly or by
default will commit any previous uncommitted transaction.
Any Oracle DDL statement such as CREATE
or DROP will automatically commit any
uncommitted transaction.
Note:
Because the oci_execute function generally
sends the statement to the
database, oci_execute can identify some
statement syntax errors that the lightweight,
local oci_parse function does not.
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